The main problems facing 5G networks

2022.08.23
5G networks are the next generation of wireless technology. It is expected to provide faster speeds, lower latency and higher data capacity than previous generations of networks.

5G networks are the next generation of wireless technology. It is expected to provide faster speeds, lower latency and higher data capacity than previous generations of networks. 5G networks will be key to driving the next wave of technological innovation, including self-driving cars, IoT devices and virtual and augmented reality applications.

These networks allow users to download movies or live video with no lag/buffering in seconds, allow surgeons to perform operations remotely, and reverse climate change through smart energy and pollution management systems.

5G networks are also expected to have a significant impact on economic growth. A Nokia study estimates that 5G networks could add $8 trillion in value to the global economy by 2030.

However, 5G networks are not without their problems. Here are some of the key issues and trends impacting 5G networks, and how companies can respond to this fast-moving market.

What is a 5G network?

5G is the next generation of wireless connectivity technology that promises to revolutionize the user experience of the connected world. 5G networks are faster and more reliable than previous generations, with download speeds ranging from 1 gigabit to 10 gigabits per second.

This enhanced speed and reliability will enable a new wave of innovations, from virtual reality experiences to robotics to artificial intelligence. 5G will also be more efficient than previous generations, significantly reducing latency (the time it takes for a device to send and receive data) to 1 millisecond.

This will enable new applications that were not possible before, such as real-time augmented reality and remote surgery. In short, 5G is not just a new generation of wireless connectivity - it is a transformative technology that will change the way people live, work and play.

From a technical point of view, 5G networks are based on a new, more efficient coding scheme called OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). OFDM is a form of digital modulation in which data is transmitted using a large number of closely spaced carrier frequencies.

This approach offers several advantages over older coding schemes, including increased spectral efficiency, reduced multipath distortion, and improved immunity to interference.

5G networks also utilize advanced antenna arrays and beamforming techniques to focus wireless signals directly on users' devices, rather than broadcasting them indiscriminately in all directions. This will further increase spectral efficiency and reduce interference levels.

By leveraging these next-generation technologies, 5G networks will be able to deliver unprecedented levels of performance and reliability.

5G network trends

● Rapid adoption

According to the GSMA, 5G will account for 8% of global mobile connections in 2021, and this number is expected to grow to at least 2 billion 5G connections by 2025. This rapid adoption trend is the desire to take advantage of 5G, the increasing availability of 5G equipment, the falling prices of 5G services, and the rollout of 5G networks in more countries around the world.

●Bandwidth competition

As 5G technology continues to be developed and deployed, the ensuing competition for bandwidth is the result of major telcos vying for market position. Recently, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) auctioned off radio frequency spectrum to 5G enterprise telecommunications companies. The auction sparked the RF gold rush, with a total turnover of $81 billion.

This competitive landscape is likely to continue as vendors find ways to differentiate their services and attract enterprise customers.

●Edge computing improvement

Edge computing technology enables businesses to compute data closer to the source, rather than sending it back to the cloud for processing. By doing so, businesses can enjoy faster speeds and better latency.

此外,边缘计算可以帮助提高安全性和隐私性,因为数据永远不需要离开场所。因此,越来越多的企业正在寻求采用边缘计算并利用其众多优势。

5G将在实现这一目标方面发挥重要作用,因为其拥有支持边缘计算所需的带宽和低延迟。因此,可预期,在未来几年内,企业5G市场将显著增加边缘计算的采用。

●路由器和交换机市场的增长

由于可访问的性能潜力巨大,企业将希望确保其路由器和交换机能够跟上。许多企业正在采用新的400Gbps路由技术。这一趋势预计将对整体市场增长做出重大贡献。

●业务支持

5G网络越来越受企业欢迎,因为其比4G快得多,这意味着企业可以利用更高的速度来处理视频流和大文件传输等数据密集型任务。

此外,5G的延迟比4G低得多,这意味着用户启动操作和执行操作之间的延迟更小。这对于需要实时响应的应用程序尤其重要,比如视频会议和在线游戏。

5G网络面临的5大问题

由于目前影响5G网络并成为采用障碍的若干问题,5G的全部优势可能还需要一段时间才能实现。

生态系统的可用性

在全球范围内,城市中心以外的关键基础设施的可用性有限。这种基础设施的缺乏使得在农村地区部署5G网络变得困难。此外,5G设备的高成本是部署的另一个障碍。尽管一些电信公司正在投资5G基础设施,但所需的投资是巨大的,5G网络的广泛普及还需要时间。

与此同时,人们提出了几种解决方案来解决这个问题。一种解决办法是使用更高频率的频谱,这在农村地区更为丰富。另一个解决方案是使用比传统的基站更小、更易于部署的基站。

 教育和理解

5G不仅仅是现有4G技术的演进——这是一个全新的网络,需要不同的部署、管理和安全性方法。不幸的是,并非所有关键的业务决策者都完全理解5G及其带来的业务支持好处。

因此,企业需要在教育资源上进行投资,以充分利用5G的潜力,帮助了解这项技术及其影响。只有这样,才能做出明智的决定,并确保5G的成功推出。

 意识

5G仍处于初级阶段,董事会对其是什么以及将如何使用存在很大困惑。据诺基亚称,超过五分之一的技术买家认为,实施5G并不是他们当前业务的优先事项。这种意识的缺乏可能会推迟5G网络的推出,并阻止企业充分发挥这一突破性技术的潜力。

为了克服这一挑战,企业正在努力让商业领袖了解5G的好处,以及可以使用其来提高效率和推动增长的方式。

成本和复杂性

随着运营商努力满足数据需求和支持新应用,5G网络的部署变得越来越复杂和昂贵。5G网络面临的关键问题之一是对基站密度的需求,这需要对基础设施进行大量投资。

此外,5G网络还面临着支持各种新应用的挑战,例如增强现实和虚拟现实。这些应用程序对网络提出了新的要求,导致拥塞和延迟。因此,运营商面临着提高网络容量、确保提供高质量用户体验的压力。

安全

随着5G网络的普及,安全问题日益凸显。随着连接网络的物联网设备的增加,5G网络比前几代蜂窝网络具有更大的攻击面。

此外,5G网络更加复杂,使得识别和修复安全漏洞更具挑战性。供应链和软件漏洞也是一个问题,因为通常很难知道组件来自哪里,以及它们是否被篡改。

尽管存在这些挑战,但企业可以采取一些措施来降低与5G网络相关的风险。通过与值得信赖的供应商和合作伙伴合作,定期进行安全审核,并实施严格的安全政策,企业可以帮助确保其5G网络的安全。

5G网络的未来问题

5G承诺比之前的产品速度更快、延迟更低和容量更大。新一代网络技术将带来一波技术创新浪潮,包括物联网、无人驾驶汽车和虚拟现实的发展。虽然5G的应用仍处于早期阶段,但一些趋势正在显现,这些趋势将塑造这项技术的未来。

●可访问性

5G的采用将变得更加容易获得。目前,5G仅在部分地区可用,且通常相当昂贵。然而,随着基础设施的建设和更多服务提供商进入市场,预计价格会下降,使消费者和企业更容易使用5G。

●工业4.0

借助5G,新的能力最终将催化下一场工业革命。5G通常被称为工业4.0的基础,即由数字技术推动的第四次工业革命。

凭借其高速和低延迟,5G将实现前几代蜂窝网络无法实现的新应用和用例。这将为各行各业带来新的商机,并为下一波经济增长铺平道路。

●虚拟现实和增强现实

5G将继续为混合现实服务赋能。增强现实和虚拟现实已经被应用于许多行业,如游戏、教育和零售。

借助5G,随着延迟的降低和图像质量的提高,这些服务将变得更加真实和沉浸。这一发展将对人们与技术的交互方式产生重大影响,并可能导致混合现实服务在人们的个人和职业生活中得到广泛采用。

●开放式运行

一个可能塑造5G未来的一个趋势是OpenRAN(无线电接入网络)。OpenRAN指的是从专有网络设备转向基于开放标准的设备,这种设备可以从多个供应商处采购。

这将增加市场上的竞争,并为更多样化的无线电技术提供支持。OpenRAN已被全球多家运营商率先采用,并被视为在许多国家部署5G的关键推动力。

未来几年的5G

5G代表着人们与周围世界连接方式的重大转变。这项技术仍处于早期阶段,但其有可能彻底改变人们的生活、工作和娱乐方式。上述趋势将塑造5G网络的未来发展,并有助于确定这种变革性技术在未来几年将如何使用。