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The battle over 5G private network spectrum allocation: black or white, efficiency first In the face of the vertical enterprise market, which is expected to become the largest blue ocean market for 5G, how can 5G technology maximize its capabilities to facilitate the digital transformation of enterprises and the upgrade of the entire industry? Perhaps this is the most important consideration in the development of private networks. This is the most important issue to be considered and discussed in the development of private networks. Recently, the French government announced that in order to facilitate the development of 5G industry use cases, it will open up the 2.6GHz band and 3.8GHz-4.0GHz band spectrum access to enterprises. In fact, there are precedents for releasing 5G spectrum specifically for verticals. For example, Germany has previously licensed 3.5GHz-based 5G private network spectrum for vertical enterprises, and Japan is exploring a 28GHz-based 5G private network model. Now, with 5G private networks becoming an increasing focus of the industry, there are different voices about its construction mode. On the one hand, regulators can allocate separate 5G private network frequency bands for vertical areas, and enterprises can independently build and operate 5G private networks; private wireless access networks and other virtual private networks can provide enterprises with private network-level services. In fact, the past 2021 is a critical year for the development of 5G applications in vertical markets. Because 5G vertical industry applications have been commercially available since last year, the 5G application landscape is becoming clearer and the demand for cross-industry scenarios is beginning to emerge. According to industry stakeholders, the scale of 5G vertical applications will start to sail in 2021, signifying that 5G vertical applications have achieved initial results and started to mature. "The spectrum is one of the main obstacles to the development of the private network market." When discussing the industry's discussion of wireless private networks around the enterprise market, Stefan Pongratz, vice president of market research firm Dell'Oro Group, said in an interview with C114: "There are many challenges with wireless private networks. However, the key reason why cellular private networks cannot overcome the gap in the enterprise market, and the significant share of the overall RAN market, is the lack of dedicated spectrum. Stefan Pongratz believes that the recent hype around wireless private networks is well-founded. There are five main reasons for this. First, more and more countries are exploring how to allocate spectrum for private network applications; at the same time, technological advances are driving down prices, introducing more flexibility, and simplifying the deployment and operation of private networks. In addition, enterprise awareness of the benefits of using private cellular networks is increasing; and public cloud providers are more actively seeking to partner with telcos; in addition, demand for cellular network quality of service (a new use case for QoS) is emerging. Pablto Tomasi, chief analyst for private networks at Omdia, another leading research firm in the telecom market, also told C114: "Spectrum is one of the major barriers to the development of the private network market, so providing spectrum directly to enterprises or specific verticals is important to drive the development of LTE and 5G private networks. The development of the network market is of paramount importance". According to Omdia's "LTE and 5G Private Network Tracker Q4 2021" report, the U.S. accounts for all private networks as a country that provides spectrum to the enterprise market (Citizens Broadband Radio Service - CBRS). 38% of Internet-related announcements. He noted that different countries have adopted different strategies for spectrum liberalization, including LTE and 5G. The U.S. and Germany offer some best practices in this regard. Pablto Tomasi noted that the U.S. CBRS spectrum plan is an interesting example of finding a balance between business and telecom needs. CBRS is a shared spectrum program that has succeeded in making some spectrum available to businesses at virtually no cost, while enabling telecom companies or cable operators, for example, to purchase additional spectrum for their traditional business. In Germany, however, the regulator has allocated spectrum specifically for the enterprise market, which has facilitated the development of an industrial ecosystem of their own companies and suppliers." Germany currently offers up to 100 MHz of dedicated spectrum resources in the 3.7 GHz band for vertical industries. This is critical to attracting international companies to the German market and to helping industrial companies, such as automotive OEMs, explore the opportunities offered by dedicated 5G networks. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)